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Stèle - Pompes Funèbres Michel Leclerc
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C E I S T

Stèle

Prononc. et Orth.: [stεl]. Att. ds Ac. dep. 1835. Étymol. et Hist. 1. 1694 « monolithe en forme de colonne » (Corneille); 1850 stèles funéraires (Flaub.Corresp., p. 275); 2. 1904 bot. (Nouv. Lar. ill.). Empr. au lat.stela, empr. au gr. σ τ η ́ λ η. Fréq. abs. littér.: 67. Bbg. Born. 1967, p. II, 62.

 1.  ARCHÉOL. Monument monolithe ayant la forme d’un obélisque, d’un cippe ou d’une dalle placée en position verticale, parfois orné de sculptures ou de peintures, sur lequel sont gravées des inscriptions commémoratives ou des textes législatifs. Stèle funéraire, législative, votive; stèle peinte; stèles attiques, égyptiennes, étrusques. Immobile sur son pied grêle, L’ibis (…) Déchiffre au bout de quelque stèle Le cartouche sacré de Thot (GautierÉmaux, 1852, p. 44).Qu’est devenue la stèle, près du tombeau de Léonidas, où les enfants épelaient les noms des trois cents morts aux Thermopyles? (BarrèsVoy. Sparte, 1906, p. 188).

 2.  ARCHÉOL. Mémorial (en particulier monument funéraire) de forme analogue. Stèle commémorative; stèle d’une tombe; stèle de granit, de marbre; ériger une stèle à la/en mémoire de qqn. Soixante-cinq des nôtres tombés au champ d’honneur. La stèle, le granit consacré à leur mémoire (…) est tout ruisselant (…) de noms ensanglantés (PesquidouxLivre raison, 1928, p. 78). Une stèle dressée sur place rappellera qu’ils [les maquisardssont tombés là. La Croix de Lorraine, gravée sur la pierre, dira pourquoi et comment (De GaulleMém. guerre, 1956, p. 251).V. funéraire B ex. de Flaubert.

 3.  ARCHÉOL. Partie centrale des tiges et des racines des plantes vasculaires entourée de l’endoderme et comprenant la moelle, le bois et le liber ainsi que les formations secondaires libéro-ligneuses (d’apr. GDEL, s.v. cylindre). Les travaux de Van Tieghem sur la structure des plantes, et notamment sa formulation de la théorie de la stèle, ont été d’une importance primordiale (Hist. gén. sc., t. 3, vol. 1, 1961, p. 428).